If someone is bitten by a snake it is important to act quickly and get professional help because snakebites can be serious medical emergencies. Experts say you should call emergency services right away or go to the nearest health facility as soon as possible. Keeping the bitten area still and getting care without delay improves chances of survival.
Health authorities recommend that you stay calm and reduce movement after a bite so venom spreads slower through the body. Try to keep the affected limb still and at or below heart level until help arrives. Having a calm response helps avoid shock and limits the movement of venom.
Here are key dos to follow:
• Move away from the snake so there is no risk of a second bite.
• Remove any tight clothing or jewellery near the bite site before swelling happens.
• Keep the person lying or still while you arrange transport to a hospital.
• If possible take a picture or note details of the snake only from a safe distance so medical staff know what you are dealing with.
Here are important donts to remember:
• Do not use a tourniquet or tight bandage that stops blood flow because it can cause more damage.
• Do not cut the wound or try to suck out venom with your mouth.
• Do not apply ice to the bite or use home remedies such as black stones or traditional medicines because they can worsen the injury.
• Do not give the person alcohol or caffeine as this may speed up the spread of venom in the body.
Experts warn that although not all snakes are venomous, a bite should always be treated as a medical emergency until proven otherwise. Getting to a health facility quickly where antivenom and trained staff are available gives the best chance of a good outcome.
